Photographic transfer paper and process of making same



Nov. 20 1923. 1,474,595

. F. w- KENT PHOTOGRAPHIC TRANSFER PAPER AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME Filed Feb. 8, 1921 Emulsion Layer Hardening Agent iuasirafam Layer FRANK WILLLIAM KENT, OF STREATHAM HILL, LONDON, ENGLAND.

1 PHOTOGRAPHIC TRANSFER PAPER 'AN D PROCESS OF ING SAME.

Application filed February 8, 1921. Serial No. 443,412.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it kllOWll that I, FRANK WILLIAM KENT, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at 5.Thornton Avenue, Streatham Hill, in the county of London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relatin to hotographic Transfer Paper and Processes of Making Same, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to photographic transfer processes in which the filmof photographic emulsion after being exposed, developed, fixed and washed to form a positive picture is transferred from its original base or support to a mount of wood, paper, glass, porcelain, metal or other suitable material,

by means of a suitable adhesive, for example a 5 per cent solution of warm gelatine,in the usual and known manner, the base after drying being then stripped oil". In the manufacture of the printing materials intended to be employed in the above process the base is composed of paper which has been passed through a bath of paraflin wax and dried, and a substratum has been appliedv to this base to enable the emulsion to be applied evenly to the said base in the first instance,

to prevent the emulsion from stripping off the base during the subsequent operations of developing, fixing, washing or toning, and

afterwards to allow the gelatine-emulsion to.

be stripped from its original base when required. This substratum has in certain cases consisted of a waterproof resinous material such as sandarac or mastic. This, however, being insoluble 1n water, portions of 1t were liable to remain adhering to the emulsion in the finished picture and to spoil the effect of the same.

According to this invention the substratum is produced by a solution containing as its chief ingredient an emulsion hardening agent, such as is employed, for example, as a component of the ordinary bromide emulsion, ,A suitable hardening-agent is chrome alum 0! formaldehyde but ordinary alum may be used. The hardening agent also serves to bind the emulsion to the substratum, and therefore in that sense may also be regarded as a binding agent.

. greasing agent such as quillaia bark is also added to allow, of 'even spreading of the emulsion on the substratum and some glycerine is also preferably added' The improvedsubstratum can be used with various An antiemulsions containing gelatine and is not restricted to use with a bromide emulsion. The emulsion employed should be of a tough nature. v

In the accompanying drawing is shown on an enlarged scale a section of a portion of a transfer film ona base such as paper. Between the film and the base is interposed the substratum. In the said drawing, A indicates the base and B the film or emulsion, while the substratum on which the film emulsion is laid, is shown at C.

1 preferably employ a plain photographic base (that is, a paper which has no baryta coating) impregnated with parafiin wax in a I known manner, that is, by passing it through a bath of paraffin wax at a low degree of saturation, for-example, ten grains of paraflin wax dissolved in one oz. of benzol or other-suitable solvent is a suitable strength although a weaker or stronger solution might be used if desirable.

This waxed paper when dried is coated on one side only with a substratum which may be composed as follows 1 oz. water.

4 drachms of 5 per cent solution of chrome alum.

1 oz. alcohol or methylated spirit.

4 'dr.v of 2 per cent solution of quillaia bark.

dr. glycerine.

The respective proportions may be varied to suitclimatic or other conditions;

For example, if the paper is chilled immediately after coating with theemulsion the solution is made with a greater strength of chrome alum or other hardening agent and quillaia bark or other anti-greasing agent. The formaldehyde or other hardening agent which may be used instead of chrome alum is employed in a suitable strength to give a corresponding hardening efi'ect. Or any suitable mixture of hardening agents may be employed.

The alcohol may be omitted, but in that case the substratum will take a much longer time to dry.

face of the waxed paper, and the glycerine v to give flexibility and to bind the other ingredients. The substratum is applied to the required to remove creases.

waxed base in the usual manner and in leaving the bath the base may if found desirable be subjected to the action of one or more scrapers or doctors in order to reduce the quantity of the substratum carried by the base, and such scrapers might in certain cases be also used when waxing the paper.

An ordinary photographic gelatine emulsion is then applied *over this. substratum when dry, in the usual manner, and a positive print taken which can be developed and toned by any standard formula whilst still on the waxed base. i

In the preparation of the substratum intended for transferring photographs on to woven fabrics, the previous formula should be altered to the following, which may also be varied to' suit circumstances.

Water, 1 oz.

Chrome alum, 2 dr. of 5per cent solution.

Alcohol, 1 oz.

Quillaia bark, 1 dr. of 2 per cent solution.

Glycerine, 1 dr.

After developing, fixing and washing the print in this process. a warm 5 per cent'gelatine solution is brushed over the face side of the wet print. which is to be ironed into the fabric. The print is laid on the fabric and dry cloths or flufiiess blotting paper placed under the fabric and over the print,

,. and an iron heated to 150 to 200 degrees Fahrenheit is repeatedly passed over the cloths or blotting paper, with occasional inversion, until the print is dried. The wax paper can then be stripped OK in the ordinary way. The fabric with the picture thereon can be afterwards placed in a bath of 2% formaldehyde solution (which may also contain glycerine) for about three minutes at atmospheric temperature, and dried with a hot iron or otherwise, the iron bein only The fa ric is then washable by ordinary domestic processes without affecting the photograph.

The components of the solution used for I this substratum, being of the same nature as those which are employed in the emulsion itself, will not injuriously affect the emulsion.

A quantity of the base coated with this substratum can be re-reeled, packed, and

sent away to be afterwards coated With any desired emulslon, which is difiicult in the case where resinous and other known substratums are employed.

An important advantage arising from the use of this solution is the effect of the chrome alum or other hardening agent in binding the constituents of the substratum or some portion of them, to the gelatine emulsion, so that although soluble in water a suflicient portion of the subtratum remains, and after removing the waxed base will remain smooth and transparent, and

Lemma thus will not give any powdery or other detrimental efiect on the finished print, being in fact imperceptible. The action of the hardening and binding agent forming plying to a suitable base a substratum com-- prising as its main ingredient an emulsion hardeningagent in active condition and in coating the said substratum when in its dry condition with a sensitive emulsion.

2. A process for preparing a photographic transfer film, which consists in applying to a suitable base a substratum solu tion free from gelatin comprising as its main ingredient chrome alum drying the said substratum and in coating the. dried substratum with a sensitive emulsion.

3. A process for preparing a photographic transfer film, which consists in apvplying to a suitable base a substratum comprising emulsion hardening and anti-greasing agents and in coating the said substratum when in a dry condition with a sensitive emulsion.

d. A process for preparing a photographic. transfer film, which consists in applying to a suitable base a substratum comprisingemulsion hardening and anti-greasing agents and a small proportion of glycerine and in coating the said substratum with a sensitive emulsion. i

5. A process for preparing a photographic transfer film, which consists in applying to a suitable base a substratum comprising an emulsion hardening agent and a small proportion of quillaia bark and in coating the said substratum with a sensitive emulsion.

6. A process for preparing a photo-- graphic transfer film, which consists in coating a waxed paper base with a substratum comprising as its main ingredient an emulsion hardening agent and in coating the said substratum with a sensitive emulsion.

7. A process for preparing a photographic transfer film, which consists 'in treating a waxed paper base with a solution of chrome alum, quillaia bark and glycerine condition, and a sensitive emulsion upon 7 the Sald substratum.

9.- Aphotogrphic transfer paper comprising a Waxed paper base, a substratum contaming an emulsion hardenin agent and an anti-greasing substance an emulsion upon the said substratum.

a sensitive 10. A photographic transfer paper oomprising a waxed paper base and a substratum consisting of chrome alum, quillaia bark and a small proportion of glyeerine and a sensitiveemulsion upon the said substratum.

FRANK- WILLIAM KENT. 

